What are zygomatic dental implants?
Zygomatic dental implants are treatment methods used in patients with severe maxillary atrophy (upper jaw bone resorption) and placed in the zygoma bone. These implants offer a solution in cases where conventional implants cannot be applied due to insufficient bone volume.

Zygomatic implants are unique implants with a length of 30–50 mm and a diameter of 4 mm. They are longer than conventional implants and are inserted into the zygomatic bone, creating a more solid abutment. They are usually placed from the palatal side and have a 45-degree angled platform.
What are zygomatic dental implants made of?
Zygomatic dental implants are usually made of titanium or titanium alloys. These materials are preferred due to their biocompatibility, durability, and good osteointegration properties. The implant's surface can be treated with the RBM (resorbable blast media) method to improve bone cell adhesion. This surface treatment helps the implant integrate with the bone faster and more robustly.
How do zygomatic implants work?
Zygomatic implants are mostly made of titanium or titanium alloys, while abutments, surgical guides, and other materials used in prostheses are also selected from biocompatible and durable materials. The components that enable the zygomatic implant system to function are:
Abutments
They are usually made of titanium and provide the connection between the implant and the denture.
Surgical guides
Made of titanium or other biocompatible materials. It helps to place the implant in the correct position during surgery.
Temporary denture
Usually acrylic or resin-based, it can be reinforced with metal.
Castable sleeve
It is an auxiliary material used to construct metal-supported dentures and provides passive compliance.
Screw
The screw used to connect the abutments to the implant is usually made of titanium.
Why are zygomatic dental implants required?
Zygomatic implants are particularly preferred in the following cases
In cases where the traditional implants are inadequate
It is preferred when adequate bone support cannot be provided or when conventional implants are inadequate.
Severe maxillary atrophy
It is used in cases where the maxillary bone is extremely resorbed and there is insufficient bone volume for the placement of conventional implants.
After maxillectomy
Used in the rehabilitation of large maxillary defects caused by tumour resections or trauma.
Sinus augmentation failure
Used when bone grafting procedures such as sinus lifting have failed.
The difference between zygomatic implants and conventional dental implants?
The main differences between zygomatic dental implants and conventional dental implants arise from differences in application areas, placement techniques, materials used, and treatment processes. Here is a detailed explanation of these differences:
Application fields and bone structure
Conventional implants are usually used in patients with sufficient bone volume. They are placed in the alveolar bone (the jawbone where the teeth are located), and this bone must have sufficient density and volume.
Zygomatic Implants, it is preferred in patients with severe maxillary atrophy (upper jaw bone resorption) when traditional implants have insufficient bone support. These implants are placed in the zygoma bone (cheekbone). Since the zygoma bone has a denser and more durable structure, it provides a better advantage in such cases.
Implant length and design
Traditional Implants,usually shorter (6-10 mm) and can be of different diametres. They are placed in the alveolar bone. Zygomatic implants are designed to be much longer (30–57.5 mm) and thicker (usually 4.2 mm in diameter). This length allows the implant to reach the zygomatic bone and be firmly fixed there.
Surgical techniques and placement methods
Traditional implants are placed directly into the alveolar bone and are generally less complex. Bone augmentation (bone grafting) may be required. Zygomatic implants require a more complex surgical procedure. They reach the zygomatic bone by bypassing or passing through the maxillary sinus.
Need for bone augmentation
Traditional implants often require bone augmentation (bone grafting) when there is not enough bone volume, which means additional surgical procedures, recovery time and cost. Zygomatic implants eliminate or reduce the need for bone augmentation (bone grafting). Thanks to this feature, the treatment process can be shorter and more comfortable for the patient.
Denture design and application
With conventional implants, dentures are designed according to the position of the implant. There is usually a more standardised denture application. Zygomatic implants: the angle and position of the implant in the zygoma bone affect the prosthesis design. By using angled abutments, the correct position of the prosthesis is ensured. Prostheses made with zygomatic implants offer more comfortable and aesthetic results by exiting in the alveolar crest instead of palatal placement.
Healing process and implant loading
Traditional implants require several months for healing (osseointegration). Zygomatic implants can usually be loaded immediately. This allows patients to have functional dentures in a shorter time.
Complications and risks
Complications such as infection and peri-implantitis can be seen more frequently in conventional implants. Complications such as sinusitis, sinus perforation, and infraorbital nerve damage can be seen in zygomatic implants. Therefore, it is a healthier surgical procedure.
Zygomatic implant cost in Turkey & treatment time
With conventional implants, the cost and treatment time can be prolonged when bone augmentation is required. With zygomatic implants, shorter treatment time is required in some cases because they do not require bone augmentation.
Zygomatic implants and traditional dental implants differ in price because both methods require different materials, techniques, and levels of expertise. The average price of traditional implants in Turkey is between 500 - 1,500 euros. However, the price of zygomatic implants is usually higher than conventional implants. In Turkey, it can range between 2,000 - 5,000 euros per treatment.
Zygomatic implant surgery procedure in Antalya, Turkey
Zygomatic implant surgery is a complex procedure that requires technical precision. Careful planning, an experienced surgeon, and appropriate equipment are necessary for a successful outcome. In addition, it is important that patients are informed about the potential risks and benefits of this treatment option. Zygomatic implant procedure in Turkey consists of the following stages.

Preoperative assessment and planning
- The general health status of the patient is evaluated. It is determined whether there are acute sinusitis, zygomatic or maxillary pathological conditions, and systemic diseases that are not suitable for implant surgery, etc.
- Bone volume and anatomical structures are evaluated with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Panoramic X-rays and other radiographic examinations can also be used.
- Implant positions and angles are planned virtually using special software. Surgical guides are prepared according to this planning.
Anaesthesia
The surgery can be performed under general anaesthesia or local anaesthesia and intravenous sedation. The choice of anaesthesia is determined by the surgeon's experience and the patient's preferences.
Incision and flap removal
A flap including the mucosa and periosteum is lifted, and the surgical field of the zygomatic bone is exposed. The anterior border of the zygomatic arch, the inferior and lateral borders of the orbit and the infraorbital nerve are identified.
Preparation of the implant seat
A tunnel is prepared on the lateral surface of the maxilla and the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus with special diamond burs. This tunnel is used to place the implant in the correct position. If the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus is absent, the sinus membrane is lifted, and damage is prevented. Drilling is performed with rising diameter zygomatic implant drills. The apical part of the implant is directed to the areas with maximum bone volume in the zygomatic bone.
Number and placement of implants
Implant placement is planned according to maxillary bone volume and prosthesis requirements. The maxilla is divided into 3 regions, and implant placement is made according to the bone volume in these regions.
Determining the number of implants
If there is bone only in the 1st region, 2-4 standard implants are used in the anterior region and 1 zygomatic implant on each side. If there is bone loss in all regions, a total of 4 zygomatic implants, 2 on each side, can be used.
Placement of implants
The implant length is determined with impression probes. The implants are placed using a rotary handpiece or hand instruments. Angled abutments (0-60 degrees) are placed for prosthetic connection of the implant. Extra-maxillary implants are covered with a buccal fat pad for soft tissue augmentation.
Fitting a temporary denture
A temporary denture is usually fitted immediately or shortly after implant placement. These dentures are usually screw-retained and metal-supported acrylic or resin-based.
The healing process
The implants are allowed to fuse to the bone and the soft tissues to heal. The healing period usually lasts between 4 and 12 months.
Permanent denture insertion
After the healing is complete, permanent dentures are inserted.
What to do during the zygomatic dental implant healing process?
The healing process of zygomatic dental implants can be faster than other types of dental implants, but this process can vary from person to person. Following your doctor's instructions during the healing process is very important for a successful outcome. The things to be done and points to be considered during the healing process are as follows:
First days after surgery
- Pain and swelling may be experienced for the first few days after surgery. Painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs recommended by your doctor should be used regularly. Applying cold compresses can help reduce swelling.
- There may be slight bleeding at the operation site. It is important to contact your doctor if the bleeding is not controlled.
- For the first few days, soft foods should be preferred to avoid straining the operation site. Hot and spicy foods should be avoided.
- It is important to pay attention to oral hygiene, but care should be taken not to damage the surgical site. Antiseptic mouthwashes recommended by your doctor can be used.
- Gently clean the implant site when brushing your teeth.
- Monitor complications carefully and contact your doctor if there are signs of complications.
Things to consider during the healing process
- Smoking and alcohol consumption may adversely affect the healing process and reduce implant success. Therefore, smoking and alcohol should be avoided during the healing process.
- Excessive physical activities should be avoided during the healing process. It is important to avoid impacts and excessive movements that will damage the implant area.
- It is important to go to regular check-ups determined by your doctor to follow the healing process. The condition of the implant and the healing process are evaluated at the controls.
- To support the healing process, attention should be paid to a balanced and healthy diet. Adequate protein, vitamin, and mineral intake helps bone healing.
- After the dentures are inserted, they should be cleaned and maintained regularly. Paying attention to oral hygiene helps implants to be long-lasting. Dentures should be checked regularly by the dentist.
Long-term care
- Regular dental check-ups should be performed to ensure the longevity of the implants. During the check-ups, the condition of the implants, the fit of the prostheses, and oral hygiene are evaluated.
- Keeping the areas around the implants clean is important for keeping them healthy. Regular cleaning should be performed using dental floss, interdental brushes, and other oral hygiene products.
- Your dentist should perform regular professional cleanings. This cleaning prevents plaque and tartar build-up around the implants.

Zygomatic implant benefits in Turkey
Reduces or eliminates the need for bone grafting
Because it is placed in the zygomatic bone, it eliminates or reduces the need for bone grafting in most cases.
Shorter treatment time
It can usually be loaded immediately (immediate loading), which reduces the treatment time.
Less surgical intervention
Not requiring bone grafting means less surgical intervention, which means less discomfort and lower costs for the patient
Good denture support
Because it is fixed to the zygoma bone, it creates a more solid foundation.
Prosthetic convenience
The zygomatic dental implants placed through the extra-sinus approach allow the prosthesis exit profile to be positioned at the alveolar crest, resulting in a prosthesis design similar to traditional full-arch implant-supported restorations.
Rapid rehabilitation
Provides a faster and more comfortable rehabilitation for the patient, especially in cases of severe maxillary atrophy. These dental implants allow patients to achieve a functionally and aesthetically satisfactory result in a shorter time.
Increased stability
Due to the cortical bone support in the zygomatic bone, it provides better primary stability to the implants. This can increase the success of the implants, especially in cases of excessive force.
Patient satisfaction
Zygomatic implants increase patient compliance and satisfaction with treatment due to shorter treatment time and rapid return of function. Studies have shown that these implants significantly improve patients' quality of life.
High success rates
Studies have shown an overall implant success rate of 98 percent and a prosthetic success rate of 96.4 per cent. These results support zygomatic implants as a viable option in cases of severe maxillary atrophy.
Zygomatic implants pros and cons
Pros
- In cases of severe maxillary atrophy, it can be used without the need for additional procedures such as bone grafting. This is an important advantage, especially for patients with severe bone loss.
- Since it does not require bone grafting and healing processes, the treatment time is shorter compared to conventional dental implants.
- Zygomatic dental implants can usually be loaded immediately. In other words, the denture can be inserted shortly after the implant is placed.
Cons
- Zygomatic implant placement is a technically delicate procedure due to its proximity to anatomical structures and should be performed by specially trained clinicians.
- Complications such as sinus perforation, sinusitis, infraorbital nerve damage, hemomatoma, and infection may occur during the procedure. Sinusitis is the most common complication.
- Zygomatic implants can be costly as they require special equipment and expertise.
- It is not a suitable treatment option for every patient.
- Temporary speech problems may occur, especially when more than one zygomatic implant is placed, as tongue movements may be restricted.
- Compared to traditional implants, zygomatic implants can be more difficult to clean.
- In some cases, the denture may need to be made more bulky, which may negatively affect the patient's comfort.
FAQ about Zygomatic dental implants
How do I know if I need zygomatic implants?
Zygomatic dental implants may be a more appropriate and effective treatment option than conventional implants in cases of severe bone loss in the upper jaw. However, you should consult a specialist physician to decide whether this method is suitable for you
How long do zygomatic dental implants last?
On average, it can be used successfully for more than 20 years. However, this period may vary depending on individual factors.
Are Zygomatic implants commonly used?
Although zygomatic dental implants are not suitable for every patient, they are becoming increasingly common as an effective option for patients with bone loss. These implants, when used in the right cases, provide great advantages in terms of functional and aesthetic results.
How long after the zygomatic dental implant is placed, a permanent prosthesis is inserted?
After the implants are fully fused to the bone and the healing process is completed, permanent dentures are fitted. These prostheses are specially designed in accordance with the patient's oral structure and needs. Permanent dentures can be worn between 4 months and 1 year.
How long does the recovery process take after zygomatic dental implant placement?
Although the recovery period after zygomatic dental implant placement varies from person to person, osseointegration is usually completed between 3 and 6 months.
What is the zygomatic implants success rate in terms of durability?
The success rate of zygomatic implants in terms of durability is quite high. Generally, the success rate is reported to be over 95%. With the correct surgical technique and proper care, zygomatic implants can be used for many years, even for life.
Are zygomatic implants painful?
During zygomatic implant treatment, the patient is anaesthetised with local anaesthesia or general anaesthesia, so no pain is felt during the procedure. After the procedure, there is usually mild pain and swelling, but this is no different from standard dental implant procedures.
Are zygomatic implants safe?
These implants have been successfully applied for many years and provide positive feedback in terms of both patient satisfaction and clinical results.
Are there any risks associated with zygomatic implants?
Although zygomatic implants are generally a safe and effective treatment option, they may involve some risks, as with any surgical procedure. Here are some of these risks:
- Infection may develop at the surgical site, but this can usually be controlled with antibiotics.
- Discomfort in the sinuses may occur due to the implants being placed close to the sinus cavity.
- Although very rare, temporary or permanent loss of sensation may occur as a result of damage to the nerves.
- The implant may fail if the bone in which the implant is placed does not heal or if the implant is not properly integrated.
- Short-term pain and swelling are expected after the operation.